(1) routine urine examination may have different levels of urine protein,
microscopic haematuria, white blood cells, red blood cells and urine tube
type.
(2) most had moderate anemia, hemolytic anemia, blood leukocytes, platelets
most less than 100 x 109 / L, blood sedimentation quickly.
(3) the immunological tests: a variety of autoantibodies positive serum,
gamma globulin increased significantly
, positive circulating immune complex, low
complement hematic disease, especially in the activity.Positive blood lupus
erythematosus (sle) cells, the skin lupus band test positive.
(4) heavy activity associated with lupus nephritis reversibility of Ccr
decline in different level, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine increased,
reduced or hepatic transaminase heighten blood albumin;End-stage Ccr decreased
obviously with lupus nephritis and a significant rise in serum creatinine, blood
urea nitrogen.
(5) imaging examination: ultrasound in bilateral renal enlargement tip acute
lesions;Some patients with liver and spleen enlargement or pericarditis.
(6) renal biopsy can understand pathologic type, disease activity, and
determine treatment.Kidney damage as the starting performance of systemic lupus
erythematosus (sle), renal biopsy is helpful to diagnosis.
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